The contrasting characters of Hal and Hotspur in King Henry IV Essay Example for Free

The contrasting characters of Hal and Hotspur in King Henry IV Essay Examine closely the contrasting characters of Hal and Hotspur in King Henry IV, Part One, showing how the play is built around their actions and different destinies, and how this contrast is reflected in the language associated with them. This play is showing the point of history when Henry IV (Bolingbroke) disposesses Richard II from the throne in 1399. It shows the problems Henry faces after he has changed and tampered with the divine rights of kings and then dishoned all the people who helped him overthrow Richard II. This creates a great main point to the story which shows a contrast between two characters, one being Hal, the kings son, and the other being Hotspur a honourable warrior. A contrast between Hal and Hotspur is established very early on in the play. Hotspur is portrayed as a great warrior who is brave and honourable, loyal to the king and an accomplished leader. Hal on the other hand is shown as someone who should be helping the king as he is his son but is not. He insteed is being dishourable and is showing the negative qualitites of being foolish and cowardly. In the kings speech in Act 1, Scene 1, the king says that he wishes Hotspur was his son and that Hal was not. This is a very strong and very important part of the play as this shows just how much higher Hotspur is than Hal in the kings eyes that he would want to trade his son. He describes Hotspur as theme of honours tongue and as the straightest plant which shows how important and how much respect the king has for Hotspur in using this personification. The word theme shows that Hotspur is a main part of the word honour and without Hotspur and all his honour there is not much honour left as Hotspur holds a great deal of it. He is described as: the straightest plant; by the king as the word straighest shows that hotspur is in his prime and that he is the strongest, most full and most wanted. The word plant is also significant as plants and trees are needed for the survival of humanity as they take in the carbon dioxide that humans exhale which is useless to humans and exchange it for oxygen which is a much needed and essential ingredient to human life and with him being the straighest and most full he is the main source of the worlds oxygen along with his fellow friends. This shows that without him the rest of the world would not be the same as it is now and the world of honour could well be lost if it wasnt for him. In this same speech of the king, Hal is described as riot and dishour stain the brow which shows the complete opposite of Hotspur and says that Hal is looked down upon and a disgrace to his family name. This contrast is shown clearly with the alternating scenes having every scene being set on either Hal in Eastcheap and then the next with Hotspur in a knightly place. This helps with the development and change of the two characters as you can see clearly the rise of Hal throughout the play and then the opposite decline of Hotspur in parallel. This helps to show the clear crossover of Hal and Hotspur in terms of honour in the midpoint of the play, Act 3. Straight away you can tell that Hotspur is going to be a great warrior and a well respected man through his name. The Hot part makes him seem as though he is fired up and ready for anything which could come along. It also shows he could be hot-headed and a slight brute in battle leaving no-one with any honour but himself. The spur part makes him seem as though he lives in the past like a cowboy. It also as was the point of cowboys makes him seem as though his main gol in life was to get as much honour and respect and the only way to do this would be as the cowboys would put it the quickest shooter in the west. Hotspur has many other positive traits which are shown towards the beginning of the play to signal how much of a strong and honourable character he is. He is portrayed as being a great warrior and a leader who would be great in battle; all praised knight. This shows how honourable he is and how everyone acnologise this fact. This is a good contrast between Hal as people dont see Hal as a warrior with honour but as a devious politician who cant seem to ever gain honour though his current lifestyle. Hotspur being honourable is one of his main strengths as this shows that he can always be counted on and being a good warrior aswell means hes the first choice for a man in battle: to pluck bright honour from the pale faced moon. The words used in this quote are very significant as it is short and to the point, compact into one strong and effect sentence which enables it to stick in your mind and be remembered. The words pale-faced moon make it seem as though the honour is very high and almost unreachable to any human being but not Hotspur as the words pale-faced and pluck make it seem as if getting the honour for Hotspur was very easy and even the moon was shocked and pale. Also the word bright makes it seem as if it is heaven like, holy and above any normal human being but again nothing is too hard for Hotspur. Hal however has a very dishonourable lifestyle and rejects his royal duties and instead drinks, whores and robs people of their money. The way Hals scenes are written in prose with alot of common tongue and swearing shows he is not acting like that of a prince, heir to the throne. The king has already right at the start of the play in the first scene told that Hal has Stain the brow of the royal family and the word stain makes it seems as though it is permenant and so can never been got out or redeemed. Hal while with Falstaff and the rest of the lads down Eastcheap is very lazy, careless and dishonourable and seems to not care at all for anything except from sleeping with prostitutes and drinking beer which he gets the money from through robbing others for their money which is shown in Act 2, Scene 2 where Hal and the rest of the gang at Eastcheap plan to rob tax men. This robbing scene though also shows more traits of Hals as Hal plans with Poins to not rob the tax men but to wait until Falstaff does it and then rob the stolen money off of Falstaff. This shows that he is a planner and has a political and cunning mind as he then says that robbing a robber isnt a crime and so he is only acting and playing a robber and is not actually a true lowlife. Robbing from Falstaff is also significant as it shows Hal cares little of Falstaff and is showing that Falstaff means nothing to him nd that this life may also be an act and not be true of Hal. Although Hotspur is expressed as an honourable warrior who is not at fault for anything and is on top of the world he also has his weak traits which on close analysis indicate a downfall of him at the time of the rebellion. Many of the sentences which are used when Hotspur is speaking are simple, short and exclamatary which shows he is hotheaded and has a bad temper: Hang him!; which would also lead to him being rude and unable to accept people different from his great warrior type which will end up to him losing allies unlike that of Hal who can get on with anyone: And you in hell, as oft as he hears Owen Glendower spoke of. But his main weaknesses are his lack of planning which will have great effect on the rebellon he is running: I forgot the map! and also the way he allienates his allies which will also lead to the same downfall and failure to the rebellion. A lack of planning shows a old trait of a warrior and not that of a politician which as shown by Hal is a new and effective way to shape life and succeed in life. The way he allienates his allies also shows how egolistic he is as he thinks he doesnt need anyone else as he on his own can do anything he wants and succeed in anything in life no matter what the chances of failure are: Well fight tonight; Act IV, Scene III, where the other members of the rebellion say to fight tomorrow when they have more men and a greater chance but Hotspur is not interested in numbers and planning but only himself and fighting. All the time Hotspur is on the downfall coming up to the rebellion Hal is on the rise thanks to his calculating and futuristic mind which he uses to plan the future to his advantage. This political and machievellian side shows his planning ability which will help him to defend his father, king Henry, in the rebellion and rescue him from a complete dishonourable life. The machievellian side indicates how good he is at acting and indicates tht he is actually acting to be part of the rough lowlife community when actually he is using it to his advantage as when he becomes honourable and a good king the contrast between the two different Hal and Prince Harry sides will be so drastic that everyone will see him as a much better king than he actually is: I will redeem all this on Percys head, which is said in Act 3, Scene 2 which shows his Machievellian side and how all of his life has been an act which is outlined in the soliloquy in Act 1, Scene 2. Hals calculating side is shown clearly as the further the play goes on the more financial and mathematical language is used; the debt I never promised; from the soliloquy in Act 1, Scene 2. This describes Hal as a prince which he sees as a debt as it wasnt up to him to be a prince he was just born into it. Also Hal pays Falstaffs tavern debt which gives the indication that he pays all debts and so will most probably pay the debt of being a good prince and finally king. In Act 3, Scene 2 Hal has a speech with the king which opens up the change of Hal. This is noticeable from the very start of the act as it is written in verse as that of the royals and not in prose like he used to talk in Eastcheap. In the speech the king starts by saying that God is punishing him for the way he overthrowed Richard II by giving him a lazy and ignorant son. Hal responds to this by accepting his faults but by aso saying that much of the news heard by the king was exagerated as Hal is prince. Bolingbroke then lies to his son and says that he himself kept out of the limelight unlike Richard and Hal and this is why he is king at the moment. But in Richard II, Bolingbroke is shown to be very much in the limelight unlike he has said and this this maybe suggests that Hal has got his skill of a politician from his father Bolingbroke. Then the king goes on to say what great qualities Hotspur has and how he is a warrior and a leader unlike Hal. He then goes on to say that he th inks his son is so dishonourable that if the rebels paid him he would fight for them against his father: to fight against me under Percys pay. This comment gets to Hal and so he reveals to his father, Bolingbroke, his plan of using Percy to gain all the glory and honour for him, which shows he is political and that of a Machievellian mind: Percy is but my factor. He then goes on to say that once Percy has gained the honour he will kill Hotspur and take all the Honour of Hotspur which will rid him of his bad life and allow him to make a good, princely new start: Stain my favours in a bloody mask/which, washd away, shall scour my shame. Hals change to a full new prince is shown clearly with evidence of this change being, the way he acts courteusly and kindly and doesnt tell a single lie. He also says that he is friends with his father which shows he has left behind the friends from Eastcheap and is now friends with the royals which he should be. He also pays back debt literally to the landlady in Eastcheap and also pays his royal metaphoric debt by giving commands and taking charge and acting like a prince in public for the first time. Hals rise is so great that it is even noticed by Vernon, one of Hotspurs rebels when he tells Hotspur of Hals rise by decsribing him as: gorgeous as sun at midsummer. The word sun is used to symbolise new hope and power from within Prince Harry and midsummer is used to tell Hotspur that th Prince is rising and peaking and so stronger than ever. The reference to sun also links to the soliloquy in which the Prince outlines his rise. Vernon also uses the quote: rise from the ground like feathered mercury to decsribe Prince Harry. The word rise shows that Harry is moving up in the world and Mercury to make he seem God-like. In Act 4, Scene 2, Falstaff sells his footsoldiers so he gets money and then just replaces them with the lowlifes of society and so he ends up with money and footsoldiers. Falstaff has an attitude that it doesnt matter hat footsoldiers you have they are all going to die and so who he has picked means nothing as he sees war as a blood bath which is a dramatic contrast to the idea of war to Hal and Hotspur as they both see it as honourable. Later on in the play in Act 5, Scene 1, Hal makes an offer to the king of single-handed combat with a Percy as he wants to re-inact what Bolingbroke did after he went from the drain to fame. To this proposal the king denies which shows he is know in the modern, political world and that the old medieval honour age is in the past. Falstaff later on in this scene dismisses honour and war again by saying it is useless and has no purpose as it cant keep you alive or save you from suffering and so he will have nothing to do with it. This speech by Falstaff signals the downfall of Hotspur as it shows that his whole life chasing honour is worthless as all it is is just a simple word which has no significance to our destinies. Hotspurs downfall is shown again in the next scene when he replies: Cousin, I think thou art enamoured on his follies; to Vernon when he praises the Prince and tels of his change. In saying this Hotspur is showing that he can not acept Hals change and so when it comes to battle Hotspur will be to arrogant and unestimate Hal which could and does lead to his death. Hal shows two last and most important traits of a true prince before killing Hotspur by refusing to leave the battlefield despite being wounded and told to by his father and then by saving his father, the King, from Douglas. The King tells of his forgiveness to Hal after he saves his life by saying that Hal has: redeemd thy lost opinion. The king uses the financial word of redeemd to show of the change to the new world and to show that Prince Harry is a political hero in the eyes of the king. Also, in saying this the king is forgiving him and allowing him to have a new start at being a Prince. Hal finally replies to the king by closing the soliloquy of that of princely debt by accepting that it was his debt and even if he never pomised it he still had to pay it to be a good Prince: never promiseth but he means to pay Hal then finishes his transformation into a Prince by defeating Hotspur in single-compact. But during the time in which Hotspur is finally dying and has lost his honour he relises it means nothing to you once your dead but still can only accept the lose of his life to Prince Harry over the lose of his honour. Once Hotspur is dead the Prince regains the traits of a true prince and pays respect to Hotspur after he dies and then covers his face as a final show of respect: But let my favours, hids thy mangles face. Hal then refers to himself as the Prince for the first time and this symbolised a complete change: I am the Prince of Wales. A truely transformed Prince Harry then backs up a total transformation by releasing and showing remorse on Douglas who fought against him and the king as part of the rebels in the rebellion and then finally rides of to fight Glendower with the king to show him and his father as true political royals side by side as they should be.

Academic Patient Communication for Nursing Students

Academic Patient Communication for Nursing Students The Patient Care (Feel-Link) Project (PCP(FL)) is to help students to develop a patient-centered approach to the practice of medicine. To achieve this, I and a medical student, Nicole need to follow and interview a patient in an effort to discover the patient lived experience regarding issues of health and illness. In this essay, the first PCP(FL) visit, my thoughts and feelings will be described and evaluated based on evidence from the literature sources. Griffiths and Crookes (2006, p.186) suggest that multidisciplinary teams are needed in the health care system to provide holistic care to patients with optimal use of existing resources, and limited cost. This project is the first step in enhancing interdisciplinary co-operation and understanding between nursing and medical students. Both I and Nicole are required to fill in a problem-oriented patient record (POPR) after each visit. We have to co-operate with each other to recruit and interview one patient with the help of nurse specialist (diabetes), Ms. Shimen Au at the Ruttonjee and Tang Shiu Kin Hospitals. The patient that we had recruited called Mrs. Leung who is a 52-year-old housewife. She is currently married and lives with her husband. Her husband was unemployed and they had financial support offered from the government. She was suffered from diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and rheumatoid arthritis about ten years ago and first diagnosed to have bipolar affective disorder at age of 22. After we had explained the aims of this project to Mrs. Leung, she signed two identical consent forms, one copy to be kept by the patient whilst the other to be returned to the tutor. Then, Nicole asked some basic demographic data based on the personal particular form. Mrs. Leung answered one by one accordingly. The POPR also requires us to gather very specific information, such as the past medical history and family backgrounds. When I had asked Mrs. Leung whether she had any children, suddenly the atmosphere in the room became silence. Mrs. Leung was not saying anything for a few seconds, and then she stated she did not have any children. I felt surprised that a married woman at her age should have more than one child already. She explained that doctors had recommended her not to be pregnant in the past. So she was currently living with her husband only but she claimed that the relationship between she and her husband was poor. She had a conflict with her husband just before taking taxi to the hospital. She honestly knew that the reasons why her husband always grumbled about her because of her laziness to cook and buy the necessities. There were quarrels with her husband almost every day. She felt guilty about it. I thought this might be caused by her mental illness and chronic diseases. According to Friedman (2002, p.193), social isolation is a major problem that chronically ill patients experience. Social relationships are often disrupted and jeopardized because of the patientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s decreased energy, limitations in mobility, communication impairment, or time required for symptom control. Mrs. Leung usually slept for 13-14 hours per day but she graded the quality of sleep was poor. Even she rated her current level of health as very poor. She described her mobility in daily life had been affected by rheumatoid arthritis causing the swelling the knee joints and interphalangeal joints of hands. Therefore she never did any exercise. I was worried that she would become obese and thus increase the risks of falling and having cardiovascular diseases. I felt regret I had not encouraged Mrs. Leung to do some simple exercise regularly so as to keeping active and not staying in bed for all days. I needed to find some suitable exercise for her and advise her to do exercise in the next visit. Friedman (2002) points out à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“illness is especially likely to be subject to the influence of other people since it usually has important implications for a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s friends and associatesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (p.64); Mrs. Leung was concerned that her first love with a Japanese man at the tender age of 19. She was still thinking about him and she had tried to commit suicide in the past. When her husband heard about she was talking about that Japanese man, they would have quarrels for a long period of time. The negative emotions could really influence people around the patient. I was speechless at that time and I could only say to Mrs. Leung that her husband was care about her and tell her not to think about the past anymore. I thought I would perform better in the next visit as I had known some basic information of Mrs. Leung already. In conclusion, I think it is right that a nurse must be able to express opinions clearly and confidently. Good communication skills are essential for nurses, and are important in nearly all aspects of medicine. I feel that I will be more confident in dealing with patients and more effective in taking a patient medical history, for example. Developing greater confidence in how I communicate can lead to patients having greater trust in me as their nurse. Improving my skills in this area will also make me more effective in discussing cases with colleagues, and in participating in teams when necessary. This visit made me realized that I can talk confidently once I overcome my initial fears. It demonstrated to me that in order to make progress or create positive change you must first acknowledge that a problem exists. This is a lesson which may be useful in better understanding patient behaviour and attitudes. Often the first step to improving a situation, or dealing with a problem, is accepting that some change is necessary; and I might be more able to impart this information to patients having experienced this visit. Overall, this visit has had a positive impact on both my studies and on the development of skills needed in my future career. (Word count: 988words)

The Development Of Womens Football

The Development Of Womens Football England is known for the home of football, however, womens football still receives very little public recognition. Unlike countries such as Norway, Germany, and the USA, which are considered to be some of the leading womens football nations, Womens football in England receives much lower status, popularity and recognition. This essay will look into the history of womens football, how womens football is exposed to the media, the relationship between womens football, government and economics and finally the impact that womens football has on society today. The first English womens football team, The British Ladies, was founded in 1884. However, the real foundation stone for womens football was laid during World War 1. By the end of the 19th century, there was a multitude of new jobs for working class women who were called up to work in factories and who played in organised teams to raise money for the war effort. Dick Kerrs ladies went on to be one of the most successful ladies football teams in the 19th century. Pfister et al (1999) explained that The development of Dick Kerrs ladies exemplifies that the standard of womens football had risen considerably since its early years and players now trained regularly and systematically not only in order to improve their condition but also to refine their ball skills and practice tactical moves. In 1920, Dick Kerrs ladies were appointed to become Englands national football team, the popularity of womens football continuously progressed and by 1921 there were 150 womens football teams in England. As a result of the growing popularity of womens football, it was seen as a threat towards the domination of football by men. This led to FA campaigning against womens football. The FA lead false accusations towards the womens game, accusing them of misuse of charity money and poor financial management as well as having opinions on medical and moral factors that should prevent women from playing football. The following resolution was adopted; Complaints having been made as to Football being played by women, Council feel impelled to express their strong opinion that the game is quite unsuitable for females and should not be encouraged (Williamson, 1991). In December 1921 womens football in England was finally banned. They were banned from playing on FA league grounds and any officials, trainers and clubs were suspended for being involved in womens football. Between 1921 and 1972 the womens game was forced underground and the women continued to play without a league structure. As a result of the England mens team winning the world cup in 1966 the renaissance of womens football started to begin and on the 1st November 1969, the Womens Football Association of England was founded as the successor of the English Ladies football association. In 1985, the womens England team triumphed in the Italian Little World Cup and then won for a second time in 1988. However in 1991, due to the rapid growth of participation, the increased administrative requirements, and the strong tradition of volunteerism, the downfall of the WFA began. In November 1993, the FA merged the WFA. As a result womens football began to improve under the FA. For example, Umbro and Adidas began to supply womens teams with equipment, players started to receive a daily allowance of  £15, and the leagues became more structured. In 1993 when the FA took over there were approximately eleven thousand registered female footballers. Today, there are over 100,000 registered female footballers. Yet despite this rise, it still lags behind countries such as the United States where there are 7.8 million players. For a country which claims the beautiful game as its heritage, why is it that the US women are more revered to womens football than our own? (Dhaliwal, 2005) One of the main issues with womens football is the lack of media exposure. One of the most influential elements of the mass media is Television, however it has generally denied power to women through its exclusionary approach, in particular it has neglected women by its failure to televise womens team sports. In the womens football season 20011-2012, only 5 league games were shown on ESPN and the FA Cup final which was shown on Sky Sports. Controversially the FA cup final which took place on 26th May 2012 between Birmingham City Ladies and Chelsea ladies was cut short as Sky Sports chose to switch from live transmission of that match to the build-up for the League One play-off final. A scheduling blunder by Sky meant that when Birmingham City Ladies scored a late equaliser in extra time to take the match to penalties meant that it would clash with the build up to the Mens League one playoff final. The mens league one play off build up was deemed to be more important that the womens FA cup, which in mens football is one of the biggest competitions in English football. The Liverpool Ladies captain, Vicky Jones (2012) expressed her views questioning Would this have happened for the Mens FA Cup Final! Another issue with the media in womens football is the lack of female presenters. Woodhouse et al (2005) maintain that skys live coverage is too important to be given up to female presenters who may fracture the strongly masculinity and technocratic discourses set up by the ex-players and current stars who provide the background debates to live matches. Men here are simply assumed to be experts. It was only in 2007 where Jacqui Oatley became the first ever female commentator for the BBC. However, again there was controversy when Dave Basset (2007) a former footballer and manager declared i will be changing channels when Oakleys voice comes on air because in order to commentate you must have an understanding of the game and tactics, and in order to do that you need to have played the game. In 2011 a similar incident occurred when Richard Keys and Andy Gray had made sexist comments made about female referee Sian Massey. They had later been sacked from sky for these comments. Sexism has always played a huge part in football in England ,this is because football has always been seen to be a typical mans game. On the other hand in many other countries such as Italy, Sweden and the USA womens football is accepted and football is seen as a national sport that is not male dominated or controlled. Jackie Bass (2012) Regional Club Partnership Manager of football stated Sexism in football is like its the final discrimination act that not only exists but is deemed acceptable to exist. Newspapers- female journalists, how much is published? Currently, the womens football premier league main sponsorship is Tesco, and the main sponsorship for the FA Cup is Eon. The national team receives their funding from primary sponsors such as Umbro which is shared across the senior, under 18 and under 16 teams. As a result on the FA being responsible for the funding of all areas of English football, it is hard to find specific funding on womens football. However, head of the national game Kelly Simmons (2012) stated; FA spends approximately six million a year on England, FAWSL pyramid, FA Womens cup and talent development. Sport England receives the funding from the lottery good causes scheme. Approximately two million pounds a year is provided for the centres of excellence, however they have also invested 25 million over four years into grassroots which is for both boys and girls. The FA invests 50m a year into childrens and grassroots and its all boys and girls and therefore impossible to split out. The Government also gives Football Foundation 10m a year for grassroots facilities. Again this is very difficult to divide out as it mainly goes to big pitch sites and school sites where all men, women, boys and girls play. Although the English FAs financial support for the womens game has increased over the years (from 150,000 in 1993,  £310,000 in 1995,  £530,000 in 1997, and estimated up to a Million will be funded in 1999), this amount is still one hundred and thirty times less than the FA sends on mens football. (Lopez, 1996) Some womens football teams also receive great support from mens clubs financially, however some clubs are not as supportive offering little help other than with provision of team kit. One of the most supportive clubs is Arsenal FC, they not only provided great financial support but also enabled the womens team to have access to good facilities, the mens training grounds and occasional use of the Emirates stadium. Faye White (2006) recognised the financial commitment from the mens club as having been very good over the years and always improving, which had been a factor in the teams success. On the other hand there are a number of mens professional clubs such as Manchester United and Fulham FC, which have withdrawn funding from their respective womens teams. Minister of sport, Hugh Robertson (2006) believed clubs which were in a position to pay high wages and which benefited from substantial funding from sponsorship and broadcasting rights deals had a bit of social responsibility to share some of those proceeds with womens football clubs Government initiatives In October 2012 the FA launched a new initiative for the development of womens football called The Game Changer. This is due to the incredible year of womens football that has driven t a lot of interest into the sport. The GB Womens football team made their way to the quarter finals in the Olympics. in addition to this the England Womens team qualified unbeaten for the 2013 UEFA European Championship Finals in Sweden, with the final two home games broadcast live on terrestrial television. Finally, the second season of The FA WSL was completed. FA Chairman David Bernstein said; Womens football is the area with the most potential for growth in the nations favourite game. The FA will make these key commitments such as Creating an Elite Performance Unit (EPU) and appoint a Head of Elite Development, the EPU will develop the best young players via the talent development pathway of 31 Centres of Excellence, 29 player development centres and elite performance camps. The game changer will also Deliver a new commercial strategy for womens football For the first time in FA history there will be a distinct commercial programme for womens football to help the game have a clear identity and become financially more sustainable. The commercial rights for England Women, The FA Womens Cup and The FA WSL will be sold separately from rights for the mens game to establish a clear identity in a crowded sports marketplace. Finally, more broadcast coverage will be secured and strong commercial partnerships forged to elevate the profile of the womens game. Another of The game changers goals are to expand the FA WSL. To do this the FA will introduce an FA WSL2 in 2014 to enable promotion and relegation, expanding a competition format. Finally the game changer will aim to Grow Participation. FA Chairman David Bernstein (2012) expressed that he wanted womens football to become the second largest team sport (currently fourth behind mens football, cricket and rugby).after mens football by 2018 based on independent Sport England research, with 253,600 women playing football each month .

Essay --

Who loves spending a night away from the hustle and bustle of everyday life? Most all of us enjoy the experience of spending a night or several nights in a nice hotel. Whether it is for business or pleasure, a nice hotel experience can be refreshing. The hotel manager is the person responsible for making sure that the hotel runs efficiently, and ensures that the guests have a pleasant stay. He/she coordinates all service, housekeeping, finance, and maintenance. I have two years experience working in the hotel industry and plan to continue learning the hotel business with the goal of becoming manager of my own hotel. Nature of the Work The job of hotel manager has lots of responsibilities, they have to manage the hotel and its staff. Hotel manager also have to plan and execute advertise and promotion campaigns designed to attract more guests. Lodging managers also have to make sure that guests on vacation or business travels have a good experience at a hotel, motel, or other type of establishment with accommodations. They also ensure that the establishment is run efficiently and profitably. Managers also deal with all inquires in a professional and courteous manner, in person on the phone or e-mail (â€Å"Lodging Manager†). â€Å"Hospitality is a broad term for an industry that encompasses many types of employers and hundreds of job titles† (Aushn,23). Hospitality is another word for the business of hotels, motels, and resorts. It is estimated that one in eighteen employees in the united state works at some type of job in the hospitality industry. Travelers in the United State spent 527 billion dollars in 2001, and that amount has increased each year since. (Ashen 23). Hotel managers have many duties that they perform throughout the da... ...nsure that hotel operations meet a group’s expectation. Some other jobs in the hospitality industry are bed and breakfast proprietors. They manage small lording facilities within a home. Many of these homes are restored historical homes and offer a true vintage experience. A concierge at a hotel provides service to hotel guests such as show ticket dinner reservations or taxi service. Hotel desk clerk and office manager assist the hotel manager in large hotel and take care of those specific areas (â€Å"Lodging Managers†). A career as a hotel manager is very demanding. They perform many duties throughout their day and have a great deal of responsibility. Their main job is to see that the hotel or motel is run efficiently so that their guests have a pleasant stay. I have been training for a job as a hotel manager and would like to continue pursuing this job as my career.

Strong Penelope of Homers Odyssey Essay -- Homer, Odyssey Essays

The Strong Penelope of The Odyssey "My lady, there is no man in the wide world who could find fault with you. For your fame has reached broad heaven itself, like that of some illustrious king."(Page 289,Book 19) In Homer's epic, The Odyssey, Odysseus is an epic hero with an epic wife, Penelope. Penelope is also the Queen of Ithaca, a vital role indeed. Penelope's love and devotion towards Odysseus is proven when she waits nineteen years for her husband to return from the wine dark sea, rather than losing faith and marrying another man. Penelope's character is strong and solid, and her personality remains consistent throughout Homer's Odyssey. Since there are so few mortal women featured in The Odyssey, Penelope can be seen as an ideal figure to represent all noblewomen in the Greek world. Although women were seen as possessions they could still be highly respected and influential in society. This is shown very effectively in this quote by Antinous as he speaks about Penelope, "Her skill in fine handicraft, her excellent brain, and the genius she has for getting her way, In that respect, I gra... ...en Skylla and Penelope: Female Characters of the Odyssey in Archaic and Classical Greek Art," pp. 29-58. Richard Brilliant, "Kirke's Men: Swine and Sweethearts," pp. 165-73. Helene Foley, "Penelope as Moral Agent," in Beth Cohen, ed., The Distaff Side (Oxford 1995), pp. 93-115. Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. New York: Vintage Books, 1989. Marilyn Arthur Katz, Penelope's Renown: Meaning and Indeterminacy in the Odyssey (Princeton 1991). Nancy Felson-Rubin, Regarding Penelope: From Courtship to Poetics (Princeton 1994). Strong Penelope of Homer's Odyssey Essay -- Homer, Odyssey Essays The Strong Penelope of The Odyssey "My lady, there is no man in the wide world who could find fault with you. For your fame has reached broad heaven itself, like that of some illustrious king."(Page 289,Book 19) In Homer's epic, The Odyssey, Odysseus is an epic hero with an epic wife, Penelope. Penelope is also the Queen of Ithaca, a vital role indeed. Penelope's love and devotion towards Odysseus is proven when she waits nineteen years for her husband to return from the wine dark sea, rather than losing faith and marrying another man. Penelope's character is strong and solid, and her personality remains consistent throughout Homer's Odyssey. Since there are so few mortal women featured in The Odyssey, Penelope can be seen as an ideal figure to represent all noblewomen in the Greek world. Although women were seen as possessions they could still be highly respected and influential in society. This is shown very effectively in this quote by Antinous as he speaks about Penelope, "Her skill in fine handicraft, her excellent brain, and the genius she has for getting her way, In that respect, I gra... ...en Skylla and Penelope: Female Characters of the Odyssey in Archaic and Classical Greek Art," pp. 29-58. Richard Brilliant, "Kirke's Men: Swine and Sweethearts," pp. 165-73. Helene Foley, "Penelope as Moral Agent," in Beth Cohen, ed., The Distaff Side (Oxford 1995), pp. 93-115. Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. New York: Vintage Books, 1989. Marilyn Arthur Katz, Penelope's Renown: Meaning and Indeterminacy in the Odyssey (Princeton 1991). Nancy Felson-Rubin, Regarding Penelope: From Courtship to Poetics (Princeton 1994).

The Film, A Respectable Trade :: Slavery Movies

The Film, A Respectable Trade In the film, A Respectable Trade, the account of slavery is different than usually seen. With an English backdrop, the cruelty of the trade was concealed. The slaves were not laboring in fields, but were being trained in house maintenance. On the streets there are no slaves, they are rerouted to the United States where they are traded. Although the slaves in the film are generally absent from the physical atmosphere, they are vital to the economic growth of Bristol, England. Josiah Cole exemplifies the plight of the struggling businessman. His dream of a better life is echoed in today’s capitalist society. His constant drive is to move out of his father’s small home and into a bigger house in a better section of town. He is a shroud businessman who works hard to be innovative and find a new demand for his product. The economy of Bristol seems to revolve around one product, which is traded and sold. This description of Bristol doesn’t seem very different from many of today’s capitalist societies. The one difference is the product that is being sold and traded. The humans that are being treated as cargo change the whole system from a thriving capitalist society to one of slavery. The town of Bristol becomes the economic center for slave trading. The slaves are seldom seen, but th e money gained from their trading is essential to the town. Cole is taking a business risk by bringing the slaves to Bristol; most of the slaves are traded for other goods by the time they reach the port. He is refining the product he trades in hope that it will fetch him a higher price. The more refined the slave is, the higher price he can charge. This simple business venture is made complicated by social standards because he is trading human beings. Watching this class process of slavery now, from a different societal standpoint, seems foreign. But to the slave traders, such a Josiah Cole, they ignored the fact that they were buying and selling human beings and avowed that they were involved in, A Respectable Trade. A Respectable Trade, portrays slaves in a unique light. Most scenes of slavery in film show slaves working in the fields of southern states in the 19th century.

Hotel Management: Quality, Speed, Dependability, Flexibility, and Cost Essay

(a) make sure that the way he manages the hotel is appropriate to the way it competes for business; 1. Training and development of staff 2. Planning & Staffing 3. Marketing & Service innovations 4. Operations and management improvement 5. Welfare and motivation to employees (b) implement any change in strategy; (10 marks) (c) develop his operation so that it drives the long-term strategy of the hotel. (10 marks) 2. What questions might Wernie ask to judge whether his operation is a Stage 1, Stage 2, Stage 3, or Stage 4 operations on Hayes and Wheelwright’s scale of excellence? (20 marks) 3. The case describes how quality, speed, dependability, flexibility and cost impact on the hotel’s external customers. Explain how each of these performance objectives might have internal benefits. (50 marks) Speed Speed means do thing fast. Speed means fast response to requirements of external customers or new conditions, speedy decision making and speedy movement of materials and information inside the operation. It’s benefit are: 1. Speed reduces inventories – reducing i inventories mean increasing the utilization of rooms and restaurant, that fast cleaning and preparing the available rooms and dinner tables for external customers adds revenue for organization, and improving the efficient of working. 2. Speed adds flexibility – fast response adds the capability for operations to the flexibility dealing with urgent things. 3. Speed adds dependability – fast delivering for the latest information among other department of operations, such as the newest customer entrance information, available room information, adds the dependability for each internal operation’s coordination and communication. Dependability Dependability means do things on time. Dependability means well management and coordination with each operation ensuring other process. are reliable, such as delivering right material or information on time, correct foreseeing and planning the facilities, reorder and workforce. It leads to more effective operation. It effectively arranging the facilities, information, material, workforce, money and time to ensure all of them can be available at any time, saves the time to wait or to look for the other substitutes. Dependability arrangement reduces the chance of repeating input resources or some resources leaving unused increasing the cost of maintain or store fee, or labor cost. Flexibility Flexibility means change what you do. It means according different requirements or things to fast handle with, making change or decisions , flexibility arranging and coordinating operations’ work. 1. Flexibility saves resources – can prevent unnecessarily repeating planning, spending, and using resources such as time, money, workforce, to follow the traditional ways to do things done. 2. Flexibility increase speed of response – being able to give fast service for customers depends on the operation being flexible. Flexible operations speedily transfer extra skilled staff and equipment to the urgent conditions and emergencies will provide the service with other customer’s needs. Quality Quality means ‘doing things right’. For Mutiara, quality means consistently producing impeccable services, using top-class and durable materials to create the right impression and environment, and anticipating and preventing all potential problems in advance. It is benefit to make life easier inside the operation. 1. Good quality leads to stable and efficient processes that less mistake, easy for coordination for matching the standard of processes, dependable and advance equipments and tools to use adds dependability for internal customer. 2. It reduces cost for Mutiara due to it is fewer the chance to make mistakes. Redoing or correcting mistakes, or to reducing confusion or irritation for each people; second, it also reduces the labor cost. Dispelling some serious troubles or problem always needs more staff or more time to do it, thus, it results in the labor cost added, such as part-time salary, overtime compensation. The more minimizing mistakes, the more minimize the excess labor costs to pay for doing excess works; third, less mistake and using top-class and durable materials also result in saving expenditures such as maintaining fee, cost of materials resulted by mistakes, transporting fees, and other excess expenditures.